Recently, someone asked me, “Do you think the Greenhouse Effect is real?” I found myself answering, “I don’t ‘think’ it’s real. At this point, I know beyond any shadow of a doubt that it’s real. As real as 11+12 = 23.” I think it's about time that I spell out how I know it...

Many explanations of the atmospheric Greenhouse effect leave people unclear about how it raises the global temperature. I’d like to look at a simple fundamental principle which sheds light on how warming happens. How do you raise the level of something? If we're talking about water in a reservoir, you might think the answer is pretty simple: to raise the water level, you need to add more water—right? ...

Some people are surprised when they see diagrams showing that the Earth absorbs about 240 W/m² of sunlight, but the Earth’s surface radiates 398 W/m² upward and the atmosphere radiates 340 W/m² downward to the surface. "You can’t have more power than what arrives from the Sun!”...

Some people assert that: The atmospheric Greenhouse Effect “can’t be real because it violates the Second Law of Thermodynamics. As a physicist, I can tell you that this assertion is absolutely wrong...

I’d like to look at: energy recirculation as a way to conceptualize how energy fluxes between the Earth and its atmosphere can be larger than the incoming flux; and a model of an "atmosphere" consisting of one or more distinct layers which can transfer heat only by radiative heat transfer...